Restraint stress-associated gastrointestinal injury and implications from the Evans blue-fed restraint stress mouse model

The association between stress and gastrointestinal (GI) tract diseases is well established, while the exact mechanism remains elusive.As a result, it is urgent to establish mouse models to investigate restraint stress-associated GI leakage, but current models have their limitations.A new Evans blue-fed restraint mouse model has recently been devel

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mGlu2 mechanism-based interventions to treat alcohol relapse

Recently we identified a deficiency in metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 (mGlu2) function in the corticoaccumbal pathway, as a common pathological mechanism underlying Electronic Display Board alcohol-seeking and relapse behavior.Based on this mechanism, we hypothesized that mGlu2/3 agonists and mGlu2 positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) may be ef

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Multivariate return periods in hydrology: a critical and practical review focusing on synthetic design hydrograph estimation

Most of the hydrological and hydraulic studies refer to the notion of a return period to quantify design variables.When dealing with multiple design variables, the well-known univariate statistical analysis is no longer satisfactory, and several issues challenge the practitioner.How should one incorporate the dependence between variables? How shoul

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